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How transactional donor relationships kill generosity

iMarketSmart

In a scale, it might look like this: Helpful reciprocity Loved one (lover, spouse, close family) Friend Teammate Colleague Neighbor Community member Transactional reciprocity Customer Merchant Stranger Harmful reciprocity Competitor Enemy Relationship signals are reciprocity signals. It’s saying, “We’re not here to help you!”

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What’s in a Name? The Ethics of Building Naming Gifts

Stanford Social Innovation Review

This theory relates to what American economist James Andreoni calls impure altruism , the inherent tension between philanthropy and self-interest. In Judaism, the practice of tzedakah is an ethical duty to give in a just and merciful way to help those in need. Some constituents and critics view this as a lapse in ethical judgment.

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